Abstract
Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) has suffered from uneven land subsidence since 1935, which affects the smoothness of airport runways and seriously threatens the safety of aircrafts. In this paper, a spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) with high-resolution Cosmo-SkyMed SAR data was utilized at BCIA for the first time to diagnose the subsidence hazard. The results show that subsidence is progressing at BCIA at a maximum rate of 50 mm/year, which is mainly distributed in the northwest side of the airport. It was found that the Shunyi-Liangxiang fault directly traverses Runway2 and Runway3 and causes uneven subsidence, controlling the spatial subsidence pattern to some degree. Four driving factors of subsidence were investigated, namely: the over-exploitation of groundwater, active faults, compressible soil thickness, and aquifer types. For the future sustainable development of BCIA, the influence of Beijing new airport and Beijing Daxing International Airport (BDIA), was analyzed and predicted. It is necessary to take relevant measures to control the uneven subsidence during the initial operation of BDIA and conduct long-term monitoring to ensure the regular safe operation of BCIA. This case demonstrates a remote sensing method of diagnosing the subsidence hazard with high accuracy and non-contact, providing a reliable alternative for the geohazard diagnosis of key infrastructures in the future.
Highlights
Beijing, the political center of China with a population of more than 21 million, has suffered from land subsidence since 1935 [1]
As Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) was in flat topography, the displacements acquired from the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique were reasonably interpreted as vertical subsidence in this study
The current subsidence at BCIA from November 2017 to April 2019 was revealed using satellite SAR interferometry based on 21 CSK images
Summary
The political center of China with a population of more than 21 million, has suffered from land subsidence since 1935 [1]. Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) is located in the Beijing Shunyi District, northeast of downtown, which was involved in the core subsidence area in Beijing. The runways in the airport are the infrastructures that most require stable ground [5]. Significant uneven subsidence or fissure would cause the risk of major disruption. It could pose a great threat to the safety of aircrafts during takeoff, landing and taxing. Monitoring and controlling the subsidence of runways are of great significant to ensure the safe operation of the whole airport and avoid the potential extensive loss of life and property
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