Abstract
Since automotive alternators serve as the primary sources of power onboard of vehicles, the online diagnostics of technical conditions thereof is a relevant task. An advantage of temperature as a diagnostic parameter is sensitivity to most faults at the early stage of their development. Physical modeling of faults (stator one-line open fault, stator turn-to-turn short circuit, stator winding phase-to-phase short circuit, circuit opening and short circuit of rectifier diodes) has been done by forced increase (decrease) of electrical resistance between alternator elements. In order to measure alternator temperature, it has been brought to steady thermal state within 20 minutes. It has been found that the alternator temperature in case of faults can increase the rated temperature by 10-30 °С even when the alternator operates without load. An algorithm has been developed to find alternator faults by evaluating the thermal state thereof, which can become a basis of an onboard automatic online diagnosing system of an automotive alternator.
Highlights
IntroductionA modern automotive alternator is a reliable device that requires almost no maintenance during operation (except for replacement of brushes) [1]
A modern automotive alternator is a reliable device that requires almost no maintenance during operation [1].Despite of that, automotive alternators unavoidably have faults, some of which cause the transportation process to stop
For physical modeling of faults, resistances made of nickel-chromium spiral are connected to alternator elements in series and parallel [17, 18]
Summary
A modern automotive alternator is a reliable device that requires almost no maintenance during operation (except for replacement of brushes) [1]. Automotive alternators unavoidably have faults, some of which cause the transportation process to stop. Since a vehicle is equipped with multiple electrical and electronic systems, including safety systems, the probability of road accidents rises (for example, alternator failure results in tripping of the electric assist). Using temperature as a diagnostics parameter will result in reduced time for finding the nature of failure, faster troubleshooting and, respectively, shorter downtime of vehicles during repair. In case of constant loads and speed rates, the alternator technical condition can characterize the principles of temperature changes during startup. The alternator housing heating temperature as a diagnostic parameter has two specific features: some type of failures causes the alternator housing temperature to rise; heating rate of response of metallic parts, housings and supports prevents from using this parameter to determine sudden failures and developing defects [2]
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