Diagenesis of Frontier Formation, Moxa Arch, Wyoming--Function of Sandstone Geometry, Texture, and Composition of Fluid Flux: ABSTRACT

Abstract

The lower Frontier Formation, Moxa arch, Wyoming, consists of sandstones and mudstones deposited in a wave-dominated delta and strand-plain system which prograded into the western margin of the interior Cretaceous seaway. Depositional environments in this system were offshore marine, marine sand ridges, marine shoreline, distributary channel, fluvial, and flood basin. Sediment from the Sevier orogene was sorted into different compositional and textural assemblages in depositional environments with different energies. Because of original differences in physical and compositional characteristics, diagenesis proceeded along different paths in different facies. The most important facets of original detrital composition affecting diagenesis are original clay content and the mo ocrystalline quartz/chert ratio. Diagenesis was also very sensitive to fluid flux. Sedimentary textures and sand-body geometries were important controls of fluid flow during dewatering. In the southern part of the study area, erosion eliminated the shoreline interval leaving only thin fluvial sandstones overlying offshore marine rocks. To the north, the shoreline facies was not eroded and the sandstone interval is thicker. On the assumption that sandstones received the discharge from equal volumes of shale, the thinner fluvial sandstones to the south experienced a far greater throughput per unit volume of sand and a higher rate of flow than did the thicker combined fluvial and shoreline sequence to the north. As a result, the southern sandstones are extremely porous and permeable and show signs of extensive leaching, whereas in the north there is more evidence of in-situ reactions resulting in the development of abundant authigenic and neomorphosed clays. Here, porosity and permeability are poorer. End_of_Article - Last_Page 635------------