Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy: mechanism, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
Highlights
Anatomical and functional changes occur in various retinal cells including retinal endothelial cells, neurons, and retinal pigment epithelium prior to clinical symptoms of the disease
Capillary degeneration and development of acellular capillaries lead to impairment of retinal perfusion and subsequent hypoxia and retinal neovascularization, the hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)
There are several therapeutic strategies to manage the Diabetic retinopathy (DR) including laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF, and triamcinolone intraocular injection. These therapeutic interventions are still limited by significant side effects
Summary
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and remains a major cause of preventable blindness. Anatomical and functional changes occur in various retinal cells including retinal endothelial cells, neurons, and retinal pigment epithelium prior to clinical symptoms of the disease.
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