Abstract
The number of patients with lifestyle-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer, is increasing all over the world, and that of diabetics is increasing especially rapidly. Diabetic animal models have played a key role in elucidating the etiology of diabetes and developing anti-diabetic drugs. In this review, we overviewed characteristics of diabetic mouse models and pharmacological evaluation using the diabetic models.
Highlights
Diabetes has become a global health problem, and the incidence of diabetes is rapidly increasing in all regions of the world
We reviewed nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse and nonobese C57BL/6 mutant (Akita) mouse as type 1 diabetic models, and Lepob mutant mouse, Lepdb mutant mouse, KKAy mouse, and Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes (TSOD)
NOD mouse was established as an inbred strain of mouse with spontaneous development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes by Makino et al in Shionogi laboratory [4]
Summary
Diabetes has become a global health problem, and the incidence of diabetes is rapidly increasing in all regions of the world. The prevalence of diabetes across the world is forecast to increase from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030 [1]. Diabetes is classified into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by a loss of insulin secretion due to pancreatic ß-cell degeneration, leading to autoimmune attack. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is caused by insufficient insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance in peripheral and liver tissues [2]. Investigations using diabetic animal models are essential to clarify the pathogenesis and progression in human disease course [3]. Mouse as type 2 diabetic models, with respect to characteristic features and pharmacological evaluations using the diabetic models
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