Diabetic Foot: Epidemiological, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects in the Department of Medicine and Endocrinology of the Hospital in Mali, Mali

Nanko Doumbia,Adams Alexis Diarra,Samaké Magara,Djeneba Sylla,Mahamadou Saliou,Seydou Mariko,Assa Traore,Yacouba L Diallo ,Mamady Coulibaly ,Danfaga Bakary ,D Traoré ,Modibo Mariko ,B T Dembéle ,B Traoré ,Sékou Mamadou Cissé ,Drissa Sangaré ,Nouhoum Ouologuem ,A Koné ,Kaya Assétou Soucko ,Massama Konaté

doi:10.4236/jdm.2022.121003

Abstract

Introduction: The diabetic foot remains a public health problem due to its high frequency, difficult and costly management. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of the diabetic foot in a hospital setting in Bamako. Methodology: This is a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional and monocentric study conducted between September 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015 on diabetic patients aged 14 years and older arriving in our department with a foot infection. Results: We identified 94 cases of diabetic foot infection out of a total of 828 hospitalized patients, a prevalence of 11.35%. The age range 41 - 60 years represented 57 cases (60.6%), the extreme ages were 14 and 81 years. Men (38.3%), women (61.7%) with a sex ratio of 0.62%. Housewives 50%, illiterate 51 cases (54.3%), low economic standard of living 40 cases (42.6%), presence of osteitis 40 cases (42.6%), foot at stage D Grade3 28 cases (29.8%). Management was medical in 48 cases (51.1%), treatment with insulin 58 cases (61.7%), Amoxicillin + Metronidazole used 36 cases (38.29%). Amputation was performed in 35 cases (37.2%). Deaths concerned 5 patients (9.6%) with hypoglycemia as the main cause in 4 cases. Conclusion: Diabetic foot is a frequent complication of diabetes. The establishment of a multidisciplinary team should contribute to the improvement of the prognosis of the diabetic foot in a management center.

Highlights

The diabetic foot remains a public health problem due to its high frequency, difficult and costly management
The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of the diabetic foot in a hospital setting in Bamako. This is a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional and monocentric study conducted between September 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015 on diabetic patients aged 14 years and older arriving in our department with a foot infection
We identified 94 cases of diabetic foot infection out of a total of 828 hospitalized patients, a prevalence of 11.35%

Summary

Introduction

The diabetic foot remains a public health problem due to its high frequency, difficult and costly management. The diabetic foot is defined according to the international consensus on the diabetic foot (developed by IWGDF: International Working Group on Diabetic Foot) of 2007 as any Infection, ulceration or destruction of the deep tissues of the foot associated with neuropathy and/or peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs in diabetics [5]. These lesions in ill-balanced patients, difficult and expensive to treat most often lead to amputation, which makes this pathology a major public health problem, especially noting that every 30 seconds, a lower limb will be lost due to the diabetes [6]

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