Diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in public hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: A multicenter study.

Goitom Molalign Takele,Birhan Gebresillassie Gebregiorgis,Medina Abdulkadir Weharei,Hiyab T/Michael Kidanu,Kahsu Gebrekirstos Gebrekidan,Yih-Kuen Jan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250462

Goitom Molalign Takele, Birhan Gebresillassie Gebregiorgis + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250462

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Apr 21, 2021
Citations: 13	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Mekelle University, Debre Berhan University

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing steadily at an alarming rate. Ethiopia is placed fourth among the top five countries of the African region members of the international diabetes federation. This study aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending public hospitals of the Tigray region.MethodsAn institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in six selected hospitals of Tigray region from January to February 2020. Study participants were recruited using a systematic random sampling method. Diabetes self-care practice was assessed using Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) assessment tool. The data were collected by trained nurses via face-to-face interview. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with self-care practices. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.ResultsA total of 570 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this study. The mean (SD) age of the participant was 46 (±14.6) years. Less than half (46.7%) of the participants had good diabetes self-care practices. Surprisingly, only 68 (11.9%) of the participants had access to a personal glucometer. Urban residency (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.20–2.94), age group 48–63 years (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.19–3.98), not having a formal education (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.32–5.25), having family support (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.24–2.85), and having a personal glucometer at home (AOR = 6.1, 95% CI = 2.83–13.0) were the factors associated with good diabetes self-care practices.ConclusionThe diabetes self-care practice in the region was found to be poor. Where factors like, being an urban resident, age group between 49–63 years, not having a formal education, and having a personal glucometer at home were associated with good self-care practices. Health care providers might have to consider actions to act on the identified factors and improve the level of self-care practices of the patients.

Highlights

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest-growing global health emergencies of the 21st century [1, 2]
This study aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending public hospitals of the Tigray region
A total of 570 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this study

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest-growing global health emergencies of the 21st century [1, 2]. Ethiopia is placed fourth among the top five African member countries of IDF (32 countries), having 1.7 million people with diabetes (age 18–99) [2]. Diabetes self-care practice includes physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose, adequate nutrition, foot care, and adherence to medications [3]. Diabetes care is complex and more demanding, which needs a better understanding of the disease beyond monitoring blood glucose levels [5]. Ethiopia is placed fourth among the top five countries of the African region members of the international diabetes federation. This study aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending public hospitals of the Tigray region.

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