Abstract
The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its complications continue to rise across the globe including Sri Lanka. Diabetes Self-care activities (DSCA) are promising behaviors to reduce complications and to achieve good glycaemic control. There is a lack of data regarding DSCA and its association with glycaemic control among adults with T2DM in Sri Lanka. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected adults with T2DM (n = 300) in a teaching hospital, Sri Lanka to determine the association between DSCA and glycaemic control. Apre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire which includes socio-demographic, diabetes-related information and Summary of Diabetes Self-care activities questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. General diet (Healthy eating plan) (OR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.04 - 8.88, p = 0.034), Physical activities (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.29 - 3.97, p = 0.004), Medication adherence (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.24 - 6.64, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with HbA1c. Medication adherence was significantly associated with poor fasting blood sugar (FBS) (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.07 - 3.37, p = 0.028). The findings highlight the need for health professionals to implement health education programs on diabetes self-care activities for adults with T2DM to enhance their adherence to DSCA, as well as to maintain glycemic control.
Highlights
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has become a global epidemic that affects over 377 million people worldwide, with estimated prevalence rates rising to an alarming 642 million people by 2040 [1]
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected adults with T2DM (n = 300) in a teaching hospital, Sri Lanka to determine the association between Diabetes Self-care activities (DSCA) and glycaemic control
The findings highlight the need for health professionals to implement health education programs on diabetes self-care activities for adults with T2DM to enhance their adherence to DSCA, as well as to maintain glycemic control
Summary
T2DM has become a global epidemic that affects over 377 million people worldwide, with estimated prevalence rates rising to an alarming 642 million people by 2040 [1]. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of illnesses characterized by high blood glucose levels that result from defects in the body’s ability to produce and/or use insulin. T2DM is the most common form of diabetes in which the body is unable to produce adequately to overcome insulin resistance and affects various organs and systems [3]. As there is no cure for diabetes, self-care activities are promising activities in blood sugar control among patients with T2DM. In Sri Lanka, the majority of the adults with T2DM did not involve recommended DM management strategies including restricting refine sugar, regular exercises or checking blood sugar regularly [7] and the majority of adults with T2DM did not achieve desired glycaemic control [8]
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