Abstract
Routing protocols are used in wireless sensor network (WSN) to transmit data to a centre (e.g. a base station). In this study, the authors propose a routing protocol called dynamic three-dimensional fuzzy routing based on traffic probability to enhance network lifetime and increase packet delivery ratio. It uses a fuzzy-based procedure to transmit packets by hop-to-hop delivery from source nodes toward destination nodes. The proposed fuzzy system uses two input parameters including ` distance ' and ` number of neighbours ' and one output parameter denoted by ` traffic probability '. When a node has a sensed data or buffered data packet, it selects one of its neighbours, called chosen node, from among a list of candidate nodes (CNs). Candidates are the neighbours which have power energy higher than average remaining energy and free buffer more than average available buffer size. Distance and number of neighbours for each CN are fed in the fuzzy system to calculate traffic probability. The CN having the lowest traffic probability is selected as an appropriate chosen node to transmit packets to the destination. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol surpasses the greedy and A* heuristic routing for wireless sensor networks in home automation, dynamic optimal progress routing, and A-star & Fuzzy methods in terms of network lifetime and packet delivery ratio.
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