Abstract
Dexpanthenol (D-panthenol) is a precursor of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and is widely used for dietary supplements and topical applications. D-panthenol has long been used in hair care products for the purpose of anti-hair loss, its effects and the underlying mechanisms, however, were barely reported. In this study, the effects of D-panthenol on human hair follicle cells, including dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and outer root sheath cells (hORSCs), were investigated. D-panthenol enhanced the cell viability, increasing the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 in cultured hDPCs. The markers for apoptosis (Caspase3/9) and cell senescence (p21/p16), reported to be expressed in aged or resting phase follicles, were significantly reduced by D-panthenol. Anagen-inducing factors (ALP; β-catenin; versican), which trigger or elongate the anagen phase, were stimulated by D-panthenol. On the other hand, D-panthenol reduced TGF-β1 expressions in both mRNA and protein levels. The expression of VEGF, which is important for peripheral blood vessel activation; was up-regulated by D-panthenol treatment. In cultured hORSCs, cell proliferation and viability were enhanced, while the mRNA expression of cell senescence markers (p21/p16) was significantly down-regulated. The expressions of both VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) were up-regulated by D-panthenol. In conclusion, our data suggest that the hair growth stimulating activity of D-panthenol was exerted by increasing the cell viability, suppressing the apoptotic markers, and elongating the anagen phase in hair follicles.
Highlights
Accepted: 24 September 2021Anagen is a specific period occupying the majority of the hair cycle
Culture of Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Outer Root Sheath Cells hDPCs were purchased from Promocell (Heidelberg, Germany) and hORSCs were purchased from ScienCell research laboratories (Carlsbad, CA, USA). hDPCs were cultured in a basal medium supplemented with Supplement Mix, which contains 4% fetal calf serum, 0.4% bovine pituitary extract, 1 ng/mL of basic fibroblast growth factor, and 5 μg/mL of insulin. hORSCs were cultured in a mesenchymal stem cell medium containing 5% FBS, 1% penicillin streptomycin and 1% MSCGS (Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth Supplement) which is provided by the manufacturer
D-panthenol, focusing onthe themodulation modulation ofthe thehair haircycle follicle cyclein incultured cultured humanpapilla dermaland papillaand and on of follicle cycle human dermal papilla focusingfocusing on the modulation of the hair follicle in cultured human dermal outer rootcells
Summary
Accepted: 24 September 2021Anagen is a specific period occupying the majority of the hair cycle. Cells in the lower part of the hair follicle go through apoptosis, which leads to hair follicle shrinkage and hair shaft loss, respectively [2]. Given the clinical importance of the anagen-catagen transformation in human hair growth disorders, the abnormal termination of the anagen phase triggers gradual hair thinning [3]. In this context, it has long been regarded that extension of the anagen phase is a main strategy of anti-hair loss treatment. Previous studies suggested that the anti-apoptotic and proliferative potencies of dermal papilla cells are the first clue for anti-hair loss property [4].
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