Abstract
Devonian ironstone deposits in South China are widely distributed and are major Fe resources of China. They are spatially associated with coeval SEDEX sulfide and Mn deposits. Stratiform orebodies of these ironstone deposits are part of the middle and late Devonian shallow marine sedimentary sequences. The main ironstone layers are interlayered with silty or muddy shales and limestones. The majority of these deposits contain hematite ores and some deposits contain siderite ores. Hematite ores display ooidal textures with Fe-rich ooids and they have Hg isotopic compositions indicative of multiple sources of metals, but trace elemental concentrations are supportive of sources of Fe from seafloor hydrothermal fluids. The Devonian ironstone deposits in South China were formed in a passive continental margin under shallow water conditions. These deposits and coeval SEDEX sulfide and Mn deposits were formed in the same continental shelf but in different sub-basins when the South China Block drifted northward after it was separated from Gondwana.
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