Abstract
During the sixteenth century Krakow was one of the most important centres of urban life in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This chapter concentrates on some of the printer's devices used by Krakow publishers who either contributed to the reform or were themselves Protestants. In particular, it discusses the devices' iconographical and iconological sources and symbolic meaning of the graphic compositions, in order to investigate how these marks could have been understood by readers of sixteenth and seventeenth century books. Special attention is given to the relations of selected images in the printers' devices with the heritage of European visual culture and Protestant iconography. Chronologically, the first device discussed in the chapter is that of Hieronim Wietor, a printer active in Krakow from 1518 to 1547, who - as far as we know - was not openly a Protestant, but definitely promoted new religious ideas. Keywords:Hieronim Wietor; Krakow; Polish Protestants
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