Device Therapy for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome with few options for effective pharmacologic therapies. Numerous device-based approaches to HFpEF therapy have emerged, which aim to treat the clinical and pathophysiologic features common to the varied causes of this syndrome. This review summarizes the current landscape of device therapy in HFpEF with a focus on structural interventions, such as left-to-right atrial shunts; cardiac contractility modulation; autonomic modulation, such as baroreflex activation therapy and splanchnic nerve modulation; and respiratory modulation, such as phrenic nerve stimulation.