Deviations from linear Stern–Volmer law in hopping quenching theory

Abstract

The differential and integral binary theories of hopping quenching were used to calculate the quenching kinetics, its stationary rate, and the luminescence quantum yield assuming Markovian random walk of excitation and dipole–dipole energy transfer to acceptors. It is shown that the integral theory results are not valid for high concentration of acceptors, however, its kernel (mass operator) is defined. On the contrary, the differential theory which is exact for immobile donors as well as so-called Burshtein model, which is appropriate for immobile acceptors, are at least the useful interpolations between binary ‘‘migration accelerated quenching’’ (MAQ) limit and multiparticle in principle ‘‘static quenching’’ limit.