Developments on Immunoassays for Pyrethroid Chemicals

Abstract

Pyrethroids exist in numerous commercial insecticide formulations and have been used extensively all over the globe for pest control indoors and outdoors in many fields such as agriculture, public health, home use, and veterinary applications. The use of pyrethroids has increased continuously in recent years. This review aims to provide the latest research progress on newly developed haptens and antibodies, as well as their main applications in monitoring pyrethroid residues in the medical, environmental and agricultural fields. Two types of haptens were designed for pyrethroid insecticides. One recognized only a specific pyrethroid insecticide, whereas the other detected a series of pyrethroid insecticides with common molecular structures. Haptens and their conjugates were prepared to produce either monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. The literature reviews have shown that a major trend for using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) methods to detect pyrethroid pesticide residues is to design universal immune haptens and prepare selective broad-spectrum antibodies. Besides, to develop immune detection methods for pyrethroid residues is an important research and development topic for monitoring the quality and safety of agricultural products worldwide. Keywords: Pyrethroid chemicals, hapten, antibody, immunoassay, medical fields, environmental and agricultural fields.