Developments of Materials for Nonenzymatic Biosensing Applications

Abstract

Nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors, characterized by high sensitivity, good tolerance, simple preparation and low cost, have become a new research focus in recent years. Nanomaterials exhibit nonenzymatic catalytic mechanisms that enhance electrocatalytic activity and promote electron transfer, making them the popular materials used in nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors. Although catalytic activity and electrical conductivity of conductive polymers are not as good as inorganic nanomaterials, the introduction and doping of metal or carbon nanoparticles as well as the construction of composites with various modified groups can improve the performance of the sensors, and at the same time endow the sensors with the properties of lightweight, flexibility, plasticity, and better biocompatibility, which develops up a great potential opportunity of application in biosensing. This review summarizes the latest research developments of conductive polymer-based materials in nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors in recent years to provide ideas for the construction of sensors.