Abstract
The catalysis of the etherification of alcohol and iso-olefin mixtures is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the synthesis of MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether), but mention is also made of other ethers such as ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether), SAME ( sec-amyl methyl ether) and MIPE (methyl isopropyl ether) and, to a very limited extent, of hydrocarbon feedstocks other than iso-olefins. Established sulphonated resin catalysts are described together with various aspects of their catalytic characteristics, including kinetics, thermodynamics and the occurrence of side-reactions. The use of alternative inorganic adds, especially zeolites, is covered and comparisons drawn between these systems and the ion-exchange resins. Finally, attention is given to the design of commercial processes for the production of MTBE.
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