Abstract
The accurate and rapid detection of Campylobacter spp. is critical for optimal surveillance throughout poultry processing in the United States. The further development of highly specific and sensitive assays to detect Campylobacter in poultry matrices has tremendous utility and potential for aiding the reduction of foodborne illness. The introduction and development of molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have enhanced the diagnostic capabilities of the food industry to identify the presence of foodborne pathogens throughout poultry production. Further innovations in various methodologies, such as immune-based typing and detection as well as high throughput analyses, will provide important epidemiological data such as the identification of unique or region-specific Campylobacter. Comparable to traditional microbiology and enrichment techniques, molecular techniques/methods have the potential to have improved sensitivity and specificity, as well as speed of data acquisition. This review will focus on the development and application of rapid molecular methods for identifying and quantifying Campylobacter in U.S. poultry and the emergence of novel methods that are faster and more precise than traditional microbiological techniques.
Highlights
Campylobacter species Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are etiological agents of campylobacteriosis, which is a significant foodborne disease in the United States (Humphrey et al, 2007; Horrocks et al, 2009; Bolton, 2015)
As the demand for more poultry meat and faster line speeds increases in the United States, it will become important to develop rapid and reliable detection methods that enable real-time decision making for producers
Accurate methods for identifying and classifying Campylobacter isolates that have a short turnaround time are becoming important for rapidly identifying the source of infection, the vehicle for transmission, and the incidence of campylobacteriosis (Dingle et al, 2002)
Summary
Campylobacter species Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are etiological agents of campylobacteriosis, which is a significant foodborne disease in the United States (Humphrey et al, 2007; Horrocks et al, 2009; Bolton, 2015). The status of Campylobacter in the bird is a significant concern to poultry producers as colonized birds often reach the processing plant undetected and lead to foodborne illness. As the demand for more poultry meat and faster line speeds increases in the United States, it will become important to develop rapid and reliable detection methods that enable real-time decision making for producers. The poultry industry still relies on traditional microbiology-based approaches, which are time consuming and have relatively high limits of detection. Non-culture-based methods should alleviate the concerns associated with microbiological approaches and enable the rapid assessment of the prevalence and even the absolute quantification of Campylobacter in poultry matrices. This review will focus on rapid, non-commercial molecular methods for the detection of Campylobacter and its potential use in U.S poultry production systems
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