DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY OF RAINBOW TROUT HYBRIDS: GENOMIC COADAPTATION OR HETEROZYGOSITY?

Abstract

I compare the developmental stability of first generation hybrids between hatchery strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) to that of the three pure parental strains raised in a common environment. Two of three reciprocal hybrid pairs show significantly less fluctuating asymmetry of four meristic characters than is found in parental strains. In contrast, the third hybrid pair shows reduced but not significantly lower developmental stability compared to pure strains. These hybrids had previously been found to develop slower than their maternal parental strains, indicating divergence of parental regulatory mechanisms controlling early ontogeny. A significant positive association between the degree of relative delay in hybrid developmental rate and their degree of developmental instability supports this view. For example, the only hybrid pair with decreased developmental stability also had the largest relative delay in development time of all hybrids. Neither absolute developmental rate nor enzyme heterozygosity at 42 loci alone can explain the degree of fluctuating asymmetry in these hybrids. The developmental stability of hybrids is apparently a result of the interaction between the developmental divergence between parental strains and their genomic heterozygosity due to hybridization.