Abstract
Aim:A role of thyroid disruption in developmental neurotoxicity of monocrotophos (MCP) and lead is studied.Materials and Methods:A total of 24 female rats after conception were randomized into four groups of six each and treated as follows: Group I - Sham was administered distilled water orally. Group II - A positive control was administered methyl methimazole at 0.02% orally in drinking water. Group III - MCP orally at 0.3 mg/kg and Group IV - Lead acetate at 0.2% orally in drinking water. The drug was administered from gestation day 3 through post-natal day 21 in all the groups. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, thyroid profile (thyroid stimulating hormone, T3 and T4), neurodevelopment (brain wet weights, DNA, RNA and protein), and neurobehavioral (elevated plus maze, photoactometry, and Morris water maze) parameters were assessed in pups. A histopathology of thyroid of dams and brain of progeny was conducted.Results:Inhibition of AChE was <20%. Thyroid profile decreased in the treatment groups. Neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral parameters did not reveal any significant changes. Thyroid architecture was affected significantly with MCP and lead. Cortical layers too were affected. The three layers of cerebellum either had abnormal arrangement or decreased cellularity in all treated groups relating to thyroid disruption.Conclusion:MCP and lead might have affected the development of cerebrum and cerebellum via thyroid disruption leading to developmental neurotoxicity.
Highlights
The potential harmful chemicals or substances, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons, are dumped either or released into the water bodies [1]
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, thyroid profile, neurodevelopment, and neurobehavioral parameters were assessed in pups
The three layers of cerebellum either had abnormal arrangement or decreased cellularity in all treated groups relating to thyroid disruption
Summary
The potential harmful chemicals or substances, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons, are dumped either or released into the water bodies [1] When these pollutants flow into water bodies in a higher concentration than permissible limits these result in the form of heavy mortalities of all life form residing in those aquatic systems such as fish and shellfish, etc., while in a lower concentration these lead to bioaccumulation of these pollutants and go through the food web to human beings. These pollutants can alter other hormonal processes of fish like the development of bones and proper thyroid functioning. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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