Abstract
BackgroundMarine bivalves undergo complex development processes, such as shell morphology conversion and changes of anatomy and life habits. In this study, the transcriptomes of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas at different development stages were analyzed to determine the key molecular events related to shell formation, settlement and metamorphosis.ResultAccording to the shell matrix proteome, biomineralization-related genes exhibited a consensus expression model with the critical stages of shell formation. Differential expression analysis of P. f. martensii, revealed the negative regulation and feedback of extracellular matrixs as well as growth factor pathways involved in shell formation of larvae, similar to that in C. gigas. Furthermore, neuroendocrine pathways in hormone receptors, neurotransmitters and neuropeptide receptors were involved in shell formation, settlement and metamorphosis.ConclusionOur research demonstrated the main clusters of regulation elements related to shell formation, settlement and metamorphosis. The regulation of shell formation and metamorphosis could be coupled forming the neuroendocrine-biomineralization crosstalk in metamorphosis. These findings could provide new insights into the regulation in bivalve development.
Highlights
Marine bivalves undergo complex development processes, such as shell morphology conversion and changes of anatomy and life habits
Our research demonstrated the main clusters of regulation elements related to shell formation, settlement and metamorphosis
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes among critical development stages Basing on the morphological characteristics of larva of P. f. martensii at different development stages, trochophore stage and spat stage were considered as the turning points for shell formation
Summary
Collection of supported data of the pearl oyster P. f. martensii and the Pacific oyster C. gigas The genome data and transcriptome of P. f. martensii at different development stages and in different tissues, as well as the shell matrix proteome data were downloaded from GigaDB (http://gigadb.org/search/new?keyword=Pinctada+fucata+martensii). Martensii and the Pacific oyster C. gigas The genome data and transcriptome of P. f. Martensii at different development stages and in different tissues, as well as the shell matrix proteome data were downloaded from GigaDB (http://gigadb.org/search/new?keyword=Pinctada+fucata+martensii). The transcriptome and genome data of C. gigas at different development stages and its shell matrix proteome data were downloaded from https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11413, supplementary tables [21]. Different expression analysis and function enrichment of P. f. Martensii at different development stages Target genes (TGs) that differently expressed with the condition (|log Ratio| > 1, FDR < 0.001) were selected for the function enrichment at different development stages. We performed functional enrichment analysis of our TGs with the commonly used Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG databases. We developed a strict algorithm for the analysis, with p-value defined as:
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