Abstract
PETERSON, CAROLE L.; DANNER, FRED W.; and FLAVELL, JOHN H. Developmental Changes in Children's Response to Three Indications of Communicative Failure. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1972, 43, 1463-1468. Both 4and 7-year-old children readily reformulated their initial messages when explicitly requested to do so by the listener, and both failed to reformulate when confronted only with nonverbal, facial expressions of listener noncomprehension. In contrast, only the 7-year-olds tended to reformulate their messages in response to an implicit rather than explicit verbal request for additional help: for example, I don't understand. There was evidence that the 4-yearolds did interpret the latter type of feedback as a request for help but did not understand what kind of help was needed.
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