Abstract
The Cyperaceae species are present in different ecosystems and constitute the herbaceous extract. Of the approximately 5,500 species of the family; a third has Kranz anatomy, representing an important characteristic of the taxonomy and phylogeny of the group. In Cyperus laxus L. (non-Kranz) and Fimbristylis dichotoma Vahl (Kranz), development begins with germination that is marked by the emergence of the coleoptiles, followed by the primary root, which is ephemeral. The rhizome originates from the mesocotyl and it promotes the vascular connection between the roots, leaves and scapes. The continuity of the tissues is evidenced by the presence of an endodermis and pericycle in all vegetative organs. Leaves and scapes differ between the two species by the arrangement of mesophyll cells, which is regular in Cyperus laxus (non-Kranz) and arranged radially in Fimbristylis dichotoma (Kranz). Also differ in the number of bundles sheaths: two in Cyperus laxus (non-Kranz) and three in Fimbristylis dichotoma (Kranz). The outer bundle sheath in both species constitutes the endodermis, and the inner sheath in Cyperus laxus and the middle and inner sheaths in Fimbristylis dichotoma constitute the pericycle.
Highlights
Cyperaceae is one of the 10 largest Angiosperm families and it is the second family of the Poales order (Govaerts et al 2007)
The family consists of approximately 5,500 species (Govaerts et al 2007), and ca. 1,500 of these have Kranz anatomy (Bruhl and Wilson 2007), which is represented by a set of structural modifications that are related to C4 photosynthesis (Sage 2004)
The anatomical studies of Cyperaceae usually have emphasized taxonomy (Govindarajalu 1974, Metcalfe 1971, Naczi 2009, Hefler and LonghiWagner 2010), and studies on anatomical development have been restricted to a few species that are of economic importance, such as Cyperus rotundus (Wills and Briscoe 1970), Cyperus esculentus
Summary
Cyperaceae is one of the 10 largest Angiosperm families and it is the second family of the Poales order (Govaerts et al 2007). (non-Kranz) and Fimbristylis dichotoma Vahl (Kranz) are present in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly at the edges of forests and in open areas of different ecosystems (Alves et al 2009). They are considerate weed plants that are common in disturbed areas (Bryson and Carter 2008). The developmental anatomy of Cyperus laxus (non-Kranz) and Fimbristylis dichotoma (Kranz) was studied to describe the origins of and verify the tissue continuity in different vegetative organs
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