Abstract
High-performance five-axis computer numerical control machine tools are widely used in the processing of Aeronautical Structural parts. With the increase of service life, the precision of CNC machine tools equipped by aeronautical manufacturing enterprises is declining day by day, while the new generation of aircraft structural parts are developing towards integration, large-scale, complexity, thin-walled and lightweight. It is very easy to produce dimension overshoot and surface quality defects due to unstable processing technology. The machining accuracy of aircraft structural parts is also affected by complex factors such as cutting load, cutting stability, tool error, workpiece deformation, fixture deformation, etc. Because of the complexity of structure and characteristics of Aeronautical Structural parts, the consistency and stability of cutting process are poor. It is easy to cause machining accuracy problems due to tool wear, breakage and cutting chatter. Relevant scholars have carried out a lot of basic research on NC machining accuracy control and achieved fruitful results, but the research on NC machining accuracy control of Aeronautical structural parts is still less. This paper elaborates from three aspects: error modeling method of NC machine tools, error compensation method, prediction and control of machining accuracy, and combines the characteristics of Aeronautical Structural parts, the development trend and demand of NC machining accuracy control technology are put forward.
Highlights
In order to meet the performance requirements of a new generation of aircraft with long life and lightweight structure, new technologies, new structures and new materials have been widely used
With the increase of service life, the precision of CNC machine tools equipped by aeronautical manufacturing enterprises is declining day by day, while the new generation of aircraft structural parts are developing towards integration, large-scale, complexity, thin-walled and lightweight
Relevant scholars have carried out a lot of basic research on NC machining accuracy control and achieved fruitful results, but the research on NC machining accuracy control of Aeronautical structural parts is still less
Summary
In order to meet the performance requirements of a new generation of aircraft with long life and lightweight structure, new technologies, new structures and new materials have been widely used. Machining accuracy is an important index to evaluate whether parts are qualified or not, and it is the primary index to reflect the technical level of NC machining It is of great significance for enterprises to improve efficiency and reduce cost by analyzing factors affecting errors in NC machining, predicting and compensating errors, and improving machining accuracy. In a specific CNC machine tool, there are many error sources, including geometry, static and dynamic load, thermal error, servo system parameter mismatch, etc These error sources affect the positioning accuracy of tool tip in a complex way, and affect the processing accuracy of parts. There are two kinds of methods to guarantee the accuracy of NC machining [3]: error prevention method and error compensation method The former improves the overall accuracy of machine by improving the manufacturing accuracy and stiffness of machine parts and adjusting the assembly accuracy. Error modeling, error compensation, machining accuracy prediction and control are described
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