Abstract
Microalgae are a valuable and rich source of oil. By the means of using microalgae oil as raw materials or additives for edible oil will improve the nutritional and edible value of the latter. This paper compares the lipid content and fatty acid composition of microalgae and traditional oil crops, elaborates the lipid synthesis mechanism of microalgae cells and the strategies of promoting lipid accumulation both from environmental pressure and from molecular pressure, summarizes the methods of breaking microalgae cell walls and extracting oil, analyzes the nutritional value, toxicity, antioxidant, and economic feasibility issues to be considered in microalgae edible oil. It is hoped that this study could provide theoretical basis for the actual production of microalgae edible oil, and provide inspiration for the research on the synthesis, accumulation, extraction and preparation of microalgae oils.
Highlights
As population growth and the development of the biodiesel industry, traditional sources of edible oil have faced the challenge
Microalgae oil is considered as a functional oil with great commercial potential, and has the potential to be as a raw material for ordinary edible oil or as an added nutrient enhancer
By comparing the fat content of some traditional oil materials and oil-producing algae strains above, and taking into account the lipid productivity of microalgae, we believe that microalgae is a sustainable and rich source of oil
Summary
As population growth and the development of the biodiesel industry, traditional sources of edible oil have faced the challenge. Different stress factors mainly induce lipid accumulation in microalgae by changing ROS balance, carbon flow conversion and stress hormone levels, and regulating lipid synthesis and conversion In the water enzymatic extraction of microalgae edible oil, the composition, spatial structure and chemical properties of the emulsion still need to be further studied to reveal the enzymatic hydrolysis and demulsification mechanism, further improve the oil extraction rate and reduce the production cost.
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