Development on risk assessment model of urban ventilation based on COVID-19 pollution——A case study of an innovation base in Chongqing

Abstract

Numbers of constructions have emerged due to the continuous urbanization process and the diversity of building clusters. Meanwhile, frequent global epidemics, such as COVID-19, have raised higher requirements for efficient urban ventilation. Traditional building design is insufficient to quantitatively consider the rationality of urban ventilation and corresponding risk assessments. This study carries out urban safety ventilation research and provides risk assessment models by using simulation and mathematical induction based on on-site measurement data, to realize accurate evaluation of disturbance of building clusters in urban environment, taking an Innovation Base in Chongqing as an example. The Amplification Coefficients on Urban Disturbance (ACUD) of the Innovation Base are respectively σ1 = 0.047 representing safe evacuation distance for ventilation of new buildings downstream, σ2 = 0.403 representing origin airflow disturbance retreat of new buildings, σ3 = 1.261 representing the control range of skyline design, and σ4 = 4.381 representing urban canopy ventilation boundary. The Comprehensive Risk Coefficient (CRC) of the Innovation Base in the horizontal & vertical direction of CRCh = 17.88 and CRCv = 102.97 is obtained indicating the infection risk of residents in the vertical direction is 5.76 times greater than that in the horizontal direction. The Comprehensive Pollution Disturbance (CPD) is 1.70692*10−19 kg/m3 which can be regarded as the quantitative risk assessment index of the Innovation Base under large public health safety events. This study contributes to effective support of architectural and urban design facing safe ventilation, providing theoretical support for the risk assessments, the resident control and anti-epidemic policies for both governments and residents during the worldwide epidemic situation.