Abstract
Aegilops caudata L. [syn. Ae. markgrafii (Greuter) Hammer], is a diploid wild relative of wheat (2n = 2x = 14, CC) and a valuable source for new genetic diversity for wheat improvement. It has a variety of disease resistance factors along with tolerance for various abiotic stresses and can be used for wheat improvement through the generation of genome-wide introgressions resulting in different wheat–Ae. caudata recombinant lines. Here, we report the generation of nine such wheat–Ae. caudata recombinant lines which were characterized using wheat genome-specific KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) markers and multi-color genomic in situ hybridization (mcGISH). Of these, six lines have stable homozygous introgressions from Ae. caudata and will be used for future trait analysis. Using cytological techniques and molecular marker analysis of the recombinant lines, 182 KASP markers were physically mapped onto the seven Ae. caudata chromosomes, of which 155 were polymorphic specifically with only one wheat subgenome. Comparative analysis of the physical positions of these markers in the Ae. caudata and wheat genomes confirmed that the former had chromosomal rearrangements with respect to wheat, as previously reported. These wheat–Ae. caudata recombinant lines and KASP markers are useful resources that can be used in breeding programs worldwide for wheat improvement. Additionally, the genome-specific KASP markers could prove to be a valuable tool for the rapid detection and marker-assisted selection of other Aegilops species in a wheat background.
Highlights
Wheat is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide, contributing about a fifth of the total calories and protein consumed by humans
We report the generation of six stable wheat-Ae. caudata recombinant lines and the physical location of 182 KASP markers on Ae. caudata chromosomes, that can be used to detect the presence of Ae. caudata introgressions in a wheat background
We reported the generation of 183 KASP markers polymorphic between hexaploid wheat and Ae. caudata accession 2090001 (Grewal et al, 2020a)
Summary
Wheat is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide, contributing about a fifth of the total calories and protein consumed by humans. Wheat breeders report annual wheat yield gains, they are not sufficient to meet the needs of an ever-growing population This is due to a lack of genetic diversity present in the gene pool of wheat that can be utilized for the development of higher yielding wheat varieties adapted to climate change. It is native to the north-eastern Mediterranean basin with the main distribution from Greece to northern Iraq (Ohta and Yasukawa, 2015). It contributed the C-genome to allotetraploids Aegilops cylindrica (2n = 4x = 28; DDCC) and Aegilops truncialis (2n = 4x = 28; UUCC). Ae. caudata provides an important source of genetic variation for agronomically important traits that can be transferred into wheat as has been previously done for other Aegilops species (King et al, 2017, 2018)
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