Abstract
During infancy, smart perceptual mechanisms develop allowing infants to judge time-space motion dynamics more efficiently with age and locomotor experience. This emerging capacity may be vital to enable preparedness for upcoming events and to be able to navigate in a changing environment. Little is known about brain changes that support the development of prospective control and about processes, such as preterm birth, that may compromise it. As a function of perception of visual motion, this paper will describe behavioral and brain studies with young infants investigating the development of visual perception for prospective control. By means of the three visual motion paradigms of occlusion, looming, and optic flow, our research shows the importance of including behavioral data when studying the neural correlates of prospective control.
Highlights
By means of the three visual motion paradigms of occlusion, looming, and optic flow, our research shows the importance of including behavioral data when studying the neural correlates of prospective control
We provide information that contributes to the understanding of the development of visual motion perception for prospective control and the developmental impairments associated with motion perception following preterm birth
In determining how visual perception is mediated in the brain, studies in humans and other primates have investigated the cerebral networks specialized for perception of visuo-spatial information over the past years
Summary
For effective navigation to reach a destination, it is vital to perceive the visual scene and guide forthcoming actions through the coupling together of perceptual information, cognition, and the subsequent motor execution of intended actions. This ability is referred to as prospective control (Lee, 1993, 1998; von Hofsten, 1993). It incorporates the ability to choose actions and guide locomotion by taking into account body dimensions and dynamics (Warren and Whang, 1987; van der Meer, 1997; Fajen, 2007, 2013) It accounts for how speed and direction are coordinated (Warren and Rushton, 2007, 2009; Bastin et al, 2010). Intrinsic tau-coupling activity can be observed, for example, during the control of sucking in infants where the sucking pressure follows a pressure curve predicted by tau-coupled movement (Craig and Lee, 1999), or during the control of balance in children and adults (Austad and van der Meer, 2007; Spencer and van der Meer, 2012)
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