Development of vestibular and auditory function: Effects of hypothyroidism and thyroxine replacement therapy on nystagmus and auditory evoked potentials in the pigmented rat

Abstract

The functional development of semicircular canals and some brainstem structures of the auditory system was followed in parallel with time in control and propylthiouracyl-induced hypothyroid pigmented rats by respective recording of postrotatory nystagmus response and auditory evoked brainstem potentials, with the aim of discovering the timing of permanent alterations of these responses in congenital hypothyroidism. A group of hypothyroid rats which underwent thyroxine-replacement therapy from postnatal day 12 onward was also included in our studies to corroborate the involvement of thyroid hormones in these effects. Postrotatory nystagmus and auditory evoked responses were absent in congenital hypothyroid rats. In the thyroxine-replaced group postrotatory nystagmus values showed no differences from the control group from postnatal day 28 onward. Auditory evoked potentials in thyroxine-replaced animals could not be elicited at 30 dB, but by increasing the intensity of stimulus to 70 dB, values of latencies of the four waves composing the response were indistinguishable from controls from postnatal day 39 and thereafter. These results show that hypothyroidism affects both semicircular canal and auditory function, the latter more severely than the former, but that these effects can be prevented when thyroxine replacement treatment is started in early stages of postnatal development.