Abstract
There is a growing interest in breeding and production of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack ex A. Camus) in European Union and in the world. It is reported that triticale can be an alternative to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for livestock feed production and has a potential to become preferred industrial energy crop. Fungal diseases, mainly leaf and stripe rusts, are the limiting factors of triticale growth and yield. Geneticists and breeders are now focusing on accumulation of the major genes for durability of rust resistance. Slow-rusting genes Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr19 are being exploited in many wheat breeding programs. This type of horizontal resistance is reported to be effective over space and time. Classical breeding techniques supported by marker-assisted selection (MAS) are the main tools in breeding programs. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of transfer of slow-rusting genes from resistant genotypes of wheat into hexaploid triticale through cross-hybridizations. A total of 5,094 manual pollinations were conducted between two triticale cultivars Fredro and Twingo and 33 accessions of common wheat, which were reported as sources of slow-rusting resistance genes. The investigation of the slow-rusting gene transmission was performed using both molecular markers analyses and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). In total, 34 F1 hybrid plants were obtained, and 29 of them carried both slow-rusting loci. Therefore, these hybrids may be used for triticale prebreeding program.
Highlights
IntroductionCamus) is an artificial manmade grain, created through hybridization of wheat derivatives (Triticum sp.) with rye (Secale cereale L.)
The aim of this work was to assess the possibility of transfer of two main slow-rusting genes Lr34 and Lr46 from wheatresistant genotypes derived from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Small Grains Laboratory, Aberdeen (ID, United States) gene bank into two elite cultivars of hexaploid triticale through crosshybridizations
The main aim of this study was to obtain the starting pool triticale–wheat hybrids, which will be further used for backcrossing program, evaluation of slow-rusting gene expression, and inoculation tests
Summary
Camus) is an artificial manmade grain, created through hybridization of wheat derivatives (Triticum sp.) with rye (Secale cereale L.). Triticale was expected to combine the high robustness of rye with the great yield potential (Kwiatek and Nawracała, 2018). At present, this crop is widely used as an alternative for other cereals, mostly for wheat, as a valuable source of livestock feed (Ayalew et al, 2018). The interest in triticale production has increased because of its potential to become an industrial energy crop (Sanaei and Stuart, 2018).
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