Abstract
Fast Cherenkov and scintillation detectors based on microchannel-plate photomultiplier tubes and silicon photomultipliers are being developed for application in the multi-purpose detector and baryonic matter at the Nuclotron experiments with the heavy ion beams at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The aim of the detectors is the fast triggering of nucleus–nucleus collisions with high efficiency and to generate the start signal with picosecond time resolution for time-of-flight measurements. The detectors provide a time resolution better than 50 ps and can operate in the strong magnetic field of the experimental facilities.
Highlights
The efficient selection of nucleus–nucleus collision events by an L0 trigger is a key challenge in collider and fixed-target experiments with high-energy beams of heavy ions
Another important problem is the generation of the start signal (T0) pulse with picosecond time resolution for time-of-flight (TOF) detectors, because the quality of charged-particle identification highly depends on the time resolution of the TOF system
To reach the above requirements, we developed two identical modular sub-detectors, FFDE and FFDW, with large active areas placed close to the beam vacuum pipe at a distance of 140 cm to the left and right, measured from the center of the multi-purpose detector (MPD) setup
Summary
The efficient selection of nucleus–nucleus collision events by an L0 trigger is a key challenge in collider and fixed-target experiments with high-energy beams of heavy ions. The fast triggering of nucleus–nucleus collisions and a precise TOF measurement with picosecond time resolution are important features of all experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) For these aims, a two-arm modular detector with fast Cherenkov or scintillation counters is used. The last scintillation beam counter BC3, located at z = 12 cm downstream, is used for the fast selection of events with pulse heights smaller than the pulse heights of beam ions, which correspond to interactions in a target All these detectors, BC2, BC3, and CD, are based on MCPPMTs from Photonis, and they can operate in the magnetic field of BM@N.
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