Abstract
BackgroundPhotothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging anti-cancer therapeutic strategy that generates hyperthermia to ablate cancer cells under laser irradiation. Gold (Au) coated liposome (AL) was reported as an effective PTT agent with good biocompatibility and excretory property. However, exposed Au components on liposomes can cause instability in vivo and difficulty in further functionalization.ResultsHerein, we developed a theranostic dual-layered nanomaterial by adding liposomal layer to AL (LAL), followed by attaching polyethylene glycol (PEG) and radiolabeling. Functionalization with PEG improves the in vivo stability of LAL, and radioisotope labeling enables in vivo imaging of LAL. Functionalized LAL is stable in physiological conditions, and 64Cu labeled LAL (64Cu-LAL) shows a sufficient blood circulation property and an effective tumor targeting ability of 16.4%ID g−1 from in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Also, intravenously injected LAL shows higher tumor targeting, temperature elevation in vivo, and better PTT effect in orthotopic breast cancer mouse model compared to AL. The tumor growth inhibition rate of LAL was 3.9-fold higher than AL.ConclusionBased on these high stability, in vivo imaging ability, and tumor targeting efficiency, LAL could be a promising theranostic PTT agent.Graphic
Highlights
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging anti-cancer therapeutic strategy that generates hyper‐ thermia to ablate cancer cells under laser irradiation
When Au Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are administered to the body system, serum proteins actively interact with Au NPs to produce a protein corona surrounding Au NPs [20, 21]
Au coated liposome can be excreted from the system because the Au component of the NPs is decorated over the liposome rather than forming a solid core, enabling the break down of the Au decorated liposome in the cells
Summary
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging anti-cancer therapeutic strategy that generates hyper‐ thermia to ablate cancer cells under laser irradiation. There are drawbacks of Au NPs, which are (1) low tumor targeting ability due to short circulation time, (2) potential toxicity due to long-term retention in the body system, and (3) difficulty of non-invasive assessment of biodistribution. Au NPs are opsonized and phagocytosed up by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) [22,23,24,25,26] This leads to the fast clearance of the NPs from the circulation and low tumor targeting efficacy [27]. The authors found that most of the Au components can be excreted within 14 days after intravenous (iv.) injection of the NPs. the NP showed in vivo PTT effect after intratumoral injection of the NPs. in the biodistribution study, the NPs were rapidly taken up by RES (52%ID in liver at day 1) after iv. In vivo PTT after iv. injection of AL was not performed [29]
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