Abstract
A phenomenon that is present in almost every shot is highlighted. It manifests itself in the muzzle discharge as a certain amount of free carbon. The thermochemical reaction of Boudouard-Bell (disproportionation of carbon monoxide) was determined, which explains the formation of free carbon in the gunpowder gases during the firing process. A feature of this reaction is the formation of a condensed phase of carbon during the firing process after the gasification of the gunpowder charge. The reason is revealed that does not allow describing the formation of free carbon during firing on the basis of existing models of internal ballistics processes. It is the lack of taking into account the temperature distribution of the gunpowder gases along the length of the gun barrel and its change. A mathematical model is proposed that makes it possible to estimate the temperature distribution during the shot. A method has been developed for solving the problem of internal ballistics with the ability to determine the temperature of gunpowder gases along the length of the gun barrel at different times and at different positions of the projectile in the barrel. The original model is built using generally accepted assumptions. Modeling results can only be estimated. For this reason, the method is based on simple calculations, which makes it possible not to involve high-power computing equipment. The modeling of the temperature distribution of gunpowder gases in the space of the gun barrel between the charging ball and the moving projectile in the model system is carried out. The possibility of changing the length of the zone of the Boudouard-Bell reaction (the zone of formation of free carbon) depending on the initial data is shown. The use of a fresh gunpowder charge and a degraded one is simulated. Full and reduced charges are considered. The simulation results showed the reason for the possibility of initiating a secondary muzzle discharge flash both from the front side and from the side of the muzzle brake.
Highlights
From a technical point of view, the performance of the task during practical firing with shot artillery installations depends on two components: the state of the charge for firing, equipped at the position, and the state of the receiver system
On the basis of the analysis of the conditions under which the PG expansion in the barrel of the barrel occurs, a chemical reaction has been determined, which makes it possible to explain the formation of free carbon during the firing process
It describes the process of disproportionation of carbon monoxide (Boudouard-Bell reaction)
Summary
From a technical point of view, the performance of the task during practical firing with shot artillery installations depends on two components: the state of the charge for firing, equipped at the position, and the state of the receiver system. Achievement of the necessary indicators can be ensured by taking into account additional information signs of a shot that characterize the system charge – charging chamber – barrel. It is necessary to further develop the mathematical model of the physicochemical processes accompanying the shot and methods for its solution This model can serve as a prerequisite for the development of systems for diagnosing the state of the barrel – charge – projectile system based on an integral indicator. It can assess: the technical condition of the gun barrel; the effect of the gunpowder charge on the initial velocity of the projectile. The listed characteristics should be taken into account when solving computational and informational problems of preparing data for firing using an ACS with artillery subunits fire
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