Development of the Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale.

Shu Imaizumi,Shinichi Koyama,Yoshihiko Tanno,Alexander N Sokolov

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191094

Abstract

BackgroundVisual stimuli, such as stripes and texts, can induce “visual discomfort” including perceptual and somatic symptoms. Individuals reporting high levels of visual discomfort might experience migraine headache and may have reduced reading efficiency due to visual perceptual difficulties. This study aimed to develop and validate the Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale, which measures proneness to visual discomfort.Methods and resultsIn Survey 1, 428 adults completed the Japanese version and a questionnaire assessing migraine morbidity. Rasch analysis revealed that the Japanese version is a unidimensional scale with a high amount of unexplained variance due to random noise rather than another dimension, and has high person and item reliabilities. Participants with migraine exhibited high scores in the Japanese version, indicating the construct validity of the scale. Survey 2 with 118 adults revealed a strong test-retest correlation for the Japanese version, indicating the stability of the scale.ConclusionThe Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale is a sufficiently reliable and valid scale for assessing visual discomfort, although its unidimensionality leaves room for further improvements.

Highlights

Visual stimuli, such as high-contrast repetitive stripes, printed text, and complex images, can induce “visual discomfort” that includes perceptual distortions, somatic symptoms, and self-reported discomfort and aversiveness to view [1,2,3]
The current study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale (VDS) and to examine its reliability and validity
To test the construct validity of the Japanese VDS, we examined the relationship of the VDS score to the morbidity of migraine headache

Summary

Introduction

Visual stimuli, such as high-contrast repetitive stripes, printed text, and complex images, can induce “visual discomfort” that includes perceptual distortions (e.g., shimmer, glare), somatic symptoms (e.g., eyestrain, headache), and self-reported discomfort and aversiveness to view [1,2,3]. Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale. Visual stimuli, such as stripes and texts, can induce “visual discomfort” including perceptual and somatic symptoms. Individuals reporting high levels of visual discomfort might experience migraine headache and may have reduced reading efficiency due to visual perceptual difficulties. This study aimed to develop and validate the Japanese version of the Visual Discomfort Scale, which measures proneness to visual discomfort

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion