Abstract
Bovine colostrum contains immune factors, like leukocytes and cytokines that are absorbed by the intes tinal mucosa of the neonate, however, not much is known about the function of some of these components in th e active immune response of calves. The aim of this s tudy was to determine the influence of colostrum in take and development of the innate immune response of calves from birth to two months of age, by evaluating the proportion of neutrophils CH138 + and monocytes CD14 + , using flow citometry and measurement of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, using comercial ELISA kits. According to the obtained results we can determine that colos trum intake had influenced the IFN-gamma concentration and the monocytes CD14 + and neutrophils CH138 + proportions in the circulation of calves and that these components seem to play a key role in the development of immune response of these animals, providing protection against pathogens, enhancing the phagocytic activity and an tigen presentation by monocytes.
Highlights
In this period of immune maturation, maternal colostrum promotes temporary protection to newborn, due to passive transfer of immune factors such as immunoglobulins, leukocytes, hormones and cytokines cortisol produced at the end of pregnancy and calving (Silva et al, 2013), reducing the risk of outbreak of Corresponding Author: Viviani Gomes, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Science Publications
High levels of serum estrogen and maternal-fetal number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), there is a decrease of their functional activity, considering the rates of phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity (Benesi et al, 2012; Chase et al, 2008; Morein et al, 2002). In this period of immune maturation, maternal colostrum promotes temporary protection to newborn, due to passive transfer of immune factors such as immunoglobulins, leukocytes, hormones and cytokines cortisol produced at the end of pregnancy and calving (Silva et al, 2013), reducing the risk of outbreak of Corresponding Author: Viviani Gomes, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Tel: 55-11-30911331 Email: viviani.gomes@usp.br
Proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma are present in maternal colostrum, believing in the possibility of its absorption by the intestinal mucosa of calves like the immunoglobulins form, reaching highest concentrations in newborns bloodstream in the first 72 h of life (Madureira, 2011)
Summary
Proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma are present in maternal colostrum, believing in the possibility of its absorption by the intestinal mucosa of calves like the immunoglobulins form, reaching highest concentrations in newborns bloodstream in the first 72 h of life (Madureira, 2011). The role of these substances in calves immune response is still not fully clear (Chase et al, 2008)
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