Abstract
The use of drones for triage in mass-casualty incidents has recently emerged as a promising technology. However, there is no triage system specifically adapted to a remote usage. Our study aimed to develop a remote triage procedure using drones. The research was performed in three stages: literature review, the development of a remote triage algorithm using drones and evaluation of the algorithm by experts. Qualitative synthesis and the calculation of content validity ratios were done to achieve the Aerial Remote Triage System. This algorithm assesses (in this order): major bleeding, walking, consciousness and signs of life; and then classify the injured people into several priority categories: priority 1 (red), priority 2 (yellow), priority 3 (green) and priority * (violet). It includes the possibility to indicate save-living interventions to injured people and bystanders, like the compression of bleeding injuries or the adoption of the recovery position. The Aerial Remote Triage System may be a useful way to perform triage by drone in complex emergencies when it is difficult to access to the scene due to physical, chemical or biological risks.
Highlights
Nowadays, the new technologies are highly important in our society, so their use is increasing in the healthcare field [1]
The search strategy used the terms earthquake, emergency medicine, drones, terrorist attacks, triage and unmanned aerial vehicle, in English and Spanish, when appropriate, retrieving articles published from inception until January 2021
This article reports on the development and initial validation of a system for remote triage by drones that may be useful in mass-casualty incident (MCI)
Summary
The new technologies are highly important in our society, so their use is increasing in the healthcare field [1]. These technologies help speed up the delivery of assistance in some life-threatening situations [2]. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles or drones in health emergencies has increased. Drones are widely used in health emergencies because they can cover large distances in a short time and access places where rescuers had trouble reaching [9,10], for example, rural environments [11].
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