Development of technology for obtaining healthy seed material of potato variety Charoit

Abstract

The effect of nutrient media of different composition on the growth and development of healthy potato microplants of the Charoit variety under in vitro conditions was studied. Three variants of nutrient medium compositions were considered: nutrient medium according to Murashige-Skoog prescription, Murashige-Skoog medium with a reduced content of mineral components to 1/2 and to 1/3. The following microplant parameters were studied: height, rhizogenesis, number of leaves and internodes, total plant weight, leaf weight, root weight, stem weight, shoot weight. On a nutrient medium with 1/2 mineral components, the height of potato microgrowers on the 28th day of cultivation increased by 12%, the shoot weight - by 17% by increasing the weight of leaves by 33% and the weight of the root system twofold, the total plant biomass - by 28%. When using a nutrient medium with 1/3 of mineral components for cultivation of healthy potato varieties Charoit microplants on the 28th day of cultivation, a decrease in the shoot weight by 17% was observed due to a decrease in the stem weight (25%), and the weight of the root system increased by 140%. In these variants of nutrient medium, rhizogenesis began earlier and proceeded more actively than in the control. A medium with 1/2 content of mineral components of the norm was determined to be optimal for growing microplants in vitro. When aerohydroponic plants were grown with different plant densities (21, 27, and 55 plants/m ), a 27% increase in the plant height of the plants grown on plant sections with a planting density of 55 plants/m2 was observed. The plants with a planting density of 21 plants/m2 differed from the other variants by an increased number of stems. In the minituber yield, the proportion of fractions suitable for further seed production was more than 50% when using all planting densities studied on aerohydroponic plants. The maximum number of minitubers was recorded when growing plants with a planting density of 55 plants/m2, and this option is recommended for use in the cultivation of minitubers of the potato variety Charoit by aerohydroponic method.