Development of Synbiotic Preparations That Restore the Properties of Cattle Feed Affected by Toxin-Forming Micromycetes

Abstract

A synbiotic preparation based on two strains of B. licheniformis was developed to reduce the harmful effects of mycotoxins in postharvest products used for cattle feed. The genomes of these strains were sequenced to analyze their potential for producing bioactive secondary metabolites. An optimal substrate was selected from the variety of plant substrates, with soybeans being identified as the optimal choice. Based on the results of experiments conducted on experimental animals for a month, the introduction of a synbiotic preparation leveled the negative effect of mycotoxins on weight gain in heifer calves, bringing it to the level of the control groups. There was also a decrease in the level of alkaline phosphatase in serum to normal values, which may indicate the probiotic effects of the preparation, not associated with the elimination of the effect of mycotoxins. The activity of these strains against mycotoxins correlates with the presence of lactonase genes in their genomes. Antimicrobial and bioactive metabolites, such as lichenicidin and lichenisin synthesized by strains CL 33 and CL 56, also seem to contribute to the probiotic effect. The results of the study open up prospects for the creation of new synbiotic preparations to fight contamination with mycotoxins.