Abstract
This paper describes the conceptual basis and approach to strategic environmental assessment (SEA) as it has developed in South Africa. This approach focuses on the effect of the environment on development, rather than the impact of development on the environment. Selected South African SEA case studies are reviewed and their context analysed. South Africa has no legislation requiring SEA. However, in order to provide an agreed approach to SEA in South Africa, guidelines have been drafted for application at the planning and programme level. The key concepts underpinning SEA in South Africa are that it is context-specific, integrated and sustainability-led. These concepts are supported by a set of principles for SEA and key elements of an SEA process. It is concluded that the conceptual approach developed for SEA in South Africa can lead to the integration of sustainability principles into plans and programmes.
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