Development of Smart 3D Object Detection using LiDAR Cloud-Data Collection

Abstract

Smart cities are made up of autonomous vehicle and they communicate and interact with their environment and require high precision computer vision to maintain driver and pedestrian safety. This paper presents a cost-efficient, non-intrusive and easy to use method for collecting data traffic counts using LiDAR technology. The proposed method incorporates a LiDAR sensor, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Hybrid SVM into a single traffic counting framework. As the technology is economical and readily accessible, LiDAR is adopted. The distance data obtained are translated into the signals. Due to the difficulty of urban scenes, automatic detection of objects from remotely sensed data within urban areas is difficult. While recent advances in computer vision have shown that CNNs are very suitable for this task, the design and training of CNNs of this kind remained demanding and time consuming, given the challenge of collecting a large and well-annotated dataset and the specificity of every task. Hybrid SVM is a supervised data classification and regression machine learning tool. In the methodology the Hybrid SVM is used in detection and non-detection cases of highly complex distance data points obtained from the sensor. In order to examine the performance of the proposed method, the test is carried out in three different locations in Alexandria, Egypt. The results of tests show that the pro-imposed method achieves acceptable results in vehicle collection, which results in a precision of 85–89%. The exactness of the method proposed is determined by the colour of a vehicle’s external surface.