Development of shell structures in geotechnics and increasing their reliability and safety in modern conditions

Abstract

In the interests of sustainable development of the country, improving the quality of the living environment of the population, ensuring environmental safety, it is necessary to create scientific and technological potential, which is noted in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation and the Resolution of the Government. Based on the foregoing, this article discusses the issues of improving shell structures, composite nanomaterials, their reliability, longevity and stability in natural climatic, technogenic, social and environmental factors. A feature of the above shell structures is their ability to maintain their design shape after various influences, which is laid down in the design and technological processes. The use of shell structures made of various composite (fabric, metal-cord and rubber-fabric, etc.) materials was most widespread in the 70s and 80s of the previous century, which is characterized by the creation of various scientific schools: Sergeev B I - soft hydraulic structures; Petrakov B I -pneumatic dams, pneumatic formwork; Blinov Yu I - awning structures; Ermolov - pneumatic building structures; Stepanovich G Ya, - retaining structures for mine workings, etc. Significant successes in the creation of composite materials were made by foreign firms (Japan, Italy, USA, England, etc.).