Abstract
Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a rare disease presented with multiple gastrointestinal polyps, alopecia, onchodystrophy, skin hyperpigmentation, weight loss, diarrhea and intermittent..
Highlights
The human microbiota is a complex and diverse system with great interpersonal variability that is affected by genetics, lifestyle, diet, health, and geography [1]
The gut microbiota is a diverse system with important roles in host functions and well-being, and its dysbiosis is linked to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes
Naïve Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were first converted to pseudo germ-free (PGF) rats using a highly effective antibiotic cocktail that can deplete all culturable microbial cells in the cecal content after 3 days of treatment, which represents an at least 3-order of magnitude reduction in the microbial load
Summary
The human microbiota is a complex and diverse system with great interpersonal variability that is affected by genetics, lifestyle, diet, health, and geography [1] It has many functions such as maintaining and preventing injury to intestinal epithelial cells through interaction with toll-like receptors [2] and regulating fat storage and metabolism to provide energy for colonic epithelial cells [3].The importance of gut microbiota in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes has been demonstrated [4]. Humanized models generated by transplanting human microbiota to germfree (GF) animals are useful for studying the changes in microbial population structure and functions following stress exposure, as well as the relationship between microbiota dysbiosis and changes in host functions [5,6], especially when the analysis requires tissue samples from the hosts [7,8]. One way to overcome this challenge is to generate multiple humanized lines and use them as biological replicates; this greatly increases the cost and the number of animals needed to account properly for such variability
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