Development of putative probiotics as feed additives: validation in a porcine-specific gastrointestinal tract model.

Soyoung Yeo,Heuynkil Shin,Wilhelm Holzapfel,Hyunjoon Park,Chul Sung Huh,Suro Lee

doi:10.1007/s00253-016-7812-1

Soyoung Yeo, Heuynkil Shin + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7812-1

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Abstract

Enforced restrictions on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters (AGPs) in animal production have prompted investigations into alternative feed additives in recent decades. Probiotics are currently the main feed additive used in livestock. However, the selection of probiotic candidates relies on human-based methods and little is known about the verification criteria for host-specific selection. We investigated the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus salivarius strains isolated from fed pig feces for their use as porcine feed additives. Two methods were developed that simulated the pig gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the intestinal epithelium, and these were compared with human-based in vitro methods and used for selecting porcine probiotics. Lactobacillus salivarius strain LS6 was identified as a promising probiotic strain for potential use as a porcine feed additive. This strain prevented disruption of the epithelial integrity of pig small intestine (PSI) cells by inhibiting the adherence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. It also showed high survival rates in the in vitro pig GI tract model and good adhesion to PSI cells. We propose that host target-specific screening and validation methods are important tools in the development of effective probiotic feed additives, and this approach may support future-oriented agriculture.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00253-016-7812-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Farm animals are affected by numerous environmental stress factors
We identified the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus salivarius strains isolated from fed pig feces, which could potentially be used as feed additives for porcine
According to the National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (NCCLS 2010) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA 2012) breakpoints, five Lactobacillus salivarius strains isolated from pig feces were found to be resistant to the antibiotics tested, with the exception of ampicillin (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Farm animals are affected by numerous environmental stress factors. Neonatal and weaned animals are susceptible to physiological stresses (such as feeding practices, farm management, and dietary needs), which can lead to the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, potentially interfering with the composition of commensal microbes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Gaggìa et al 2010; Yang et al 2015). The indiscriminate use of the antibiotics led to the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and the diffusion of resistance genes from animals to humans (Berends et al 2001). The use of antibiotics as growth promoters (AGPs) in animal production has been prohibited in the European Union since 2006 (EC 2001). There has been increased focus on the development of alternatives to AGPs as feed additives, such as probiotics, prebiotics, fermented liquid feed, essential oils, and organic acids

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