Abstract
It is required to substantiate the method for determining the number of control nodes both during designing networks taking into consideration its supply, and in the process of its operation when hydraulic characteristics of the sections change. It is necessary in order to substantially reduce energy consumption of pumping equipment and to prevent significant leakage. The processes of formation of zones of insufficient head in water supply systems were explored. The method of flow distribution control in water supply network, which makes it possible to substantiate the necessary and sufficient number of control nodes and the place of their location, was proposed.It was shown that the resulting decisions are coordinated with the existing methods for ensuring the necessary head in a network. This opens additional opportunities in flow distribution control, namely, specification of control nodes location in the water supply system during its operation.As a result of the studies, the principle of determining the number of control nodes was proposed, which makes it possible, depending on the area of zones with insufficient head, to determine their necessary number when designing a water supply network and specify the location during operation.According to the presented procedure of flow distribution control in water supply systems, hydraulic calculations for various modes of water pumping are performed, water consumption in the sections that are in operation at the time of measurement of piezometer in control nodes is determined. The actual node heads are determined, the nodes on the border of the zones with insufficient head, from which, if necessary, additional head control nodes are assigned, are established. At the stage of networks designing, a change in operation parameters of the network is modeled. Piezometric marks in the nodes are determined relative to supply nodes, where the head value is specified. The criterion for selection of the number of control nodes and their location places is the magnitude of minimum head in them and the dimensions of the zones with insufficient head.There were developed the recommendations and supplements to existing practices of flow distribution control, which determine the number and location of control nodes at the stage of design and in the process of the operation of water supply networks. This makes it possible to maintain the necessary head in network nodes, prevent its exceeding, which helps to reduce leakage and power consumption costs at pumping stations
Highlights
Water supply and distribution systems of municipal water supply networks are the most power consuming part of the city water supply system
The values of the required water head, which is recommended to maintain in water supply systems of construction sites, were established: H нi = 10 + 4(n − 1), (1)
It was established that the criterion for the selection of control nodes and specification of the location is the dimensions of the expected zones of insufficient of head
Summary
Water supply and distribution systems of municipal water supply networks are the most power consuming part of the city water supply system. That is why one of the main directions of reducing power and material consumption in water supply systems is to improve flow distribution control in the networks [1,2,3]. The actual head in the network nodes should be as approximated to the required one as possible. This is the essence of optimization of the flow distribution control to reduce the overall power consumption in the network. This requires establishing a distinct relationship between the system of collecting information and the system of feedback with executive elements. That is why the substantiation of the choice of the number and location of head control nodes with regard to the zones of insufficient head during design-
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