Abstract
In this paper chronologically are presented several periods of development of police terminology in Kosovo and Albania. Below are some of the topics which will be elaborated:- Development of police terminology in Albania;- Development of police terminology in Kosovo;- Word formation of police terminology in Albanian language;- Influence of foreign languages (Serbo-Croatian, Italian and English).Police terminology in Albania differs based on time period and historic developments, two World Wars from 1913 until 1945, with main influence from Italian language police terminology. Influence by Russian language is present during the communist time in Albania from 1945 until 1990 when the Italian influence returns again and it also starts influence by English language with the establishment of democratic pluralist system. In Kosovo, as a result of historic developments, development of police terminology was mainly influenced by Yugoslav system of government, Serbo-Croatian language, which was the dominant language in use in comparison to other languages in ex-Yugoslavia: Slovenian, Macedonian, Albanian and Hungarian. Whereas, after declaration of Kosovo independence in 2008 the dominant influential language in police terminology in Albanian language has been English after 10 years (1999-2008) during which Kosovo Police was led by United Nations Mission (UNMIK) and the police force in Kosovo was called UNMIK Police.
Highlights
Police terminology in Albanian language in Albania was influenced mainly by Italian (1912-1945) and Russian (19451990), and English (1990-2018). 13 January 1913 is the date when Albanian public order force (Alb. forcat e rendit) or gendarmerie (Alb. xhandarmëria) - police was stablished
Police terminology in Albania has changed during different time periods of its administration, influenced by the invaders
In the period of communist Albania, police terminology was influenced by the east system – Russian, but in the beginning of 90-s, with the fall of communist system, Italian influence returned and it is still the most influential language, with example of the name of Albanian police force which is called Policia e Shtetit based on Italian influence Polizia di Stato
Summary
Police terminology in Albanian language in Albania was influenced mainly by Italian (1912-1945) and Russian (19451990), and English (1990-2018). 13 January 1913 is the date when Albanian public order force (Alb. forcat e rendit) or gendarmerie (Alb. xhandarmëria) - police was stablished. Terminology used in the police force of Albania differs throughout time and historical events, including two World Wars: Milicia - Police, Xhandarmëria – Gendarmerie, Kavaleria - Calvary, aspirantë dhe xhandarë – aspirants and gendarmes, Arma e Gjindarmërisë Mbretnore – Royal Gendarmerie Army, inspektor i përgjithshëm – General Inspector, komisari i policisë – Police Commissioner, gjindarmëria shëtitëse – Walking Gendarmerie, gjindarmëria qytetëse – City Gendarmerie, karabinieri - Carabineer, agjenti i sigurimit – Security Agent, komanda qarqesh – Regional Command, komanda rrethesh County Command, etc All these police terms of Albanian State Police are found between 1913 and 1944, when the Second World War ended. We can highlight: nën-komisar, nën-kolonel, polic-im, polic-or, arrest-im, zëvendës-komandant, kryeshef, krye-komisar, peng-marrës, etc
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