Development of phase domain frequency-dependent transmission line model on FPGA for real-time digital simulator

Abstract

The transmission line model is one of the most important components for the real-time digital simulator based on the electromagnetic transient (EMT) algorithm. In order to predict the behavior of power systems under both steady and transient states, the coupling and frequency dependence of the transmission line need to be precisely represented. This paper presents a frequency-dependent phase domain (FDPD) transmission line model on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) for an EMT type real-time digital simulator. The developed model has been fully pipelined and parallelized in hardware to achieve the lowest time-step. All the hardware developments for this model depicted in this paper are carried out in VHDL, and a customized 48-bits floating-point data representation is used for hardware implementation to improve the accuracy. This developed FPGA-based line model can be interfaced to the rest of the network to perform real-time simulation.