Development of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Optical Gas Sensors for the Non-Invasive Monitoring of Pathogenic Bacteria.

Sumana Kladsomboon,Chadinee Thippakorn,Thara Seesaard

doi:10.3390/s18103189

Sumana Kladsomboon, Chadinee Thippakorn + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103189

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Abstract

Hybrid optical gas sensors, based on different organic and inorganic materials, are proposed in this paper, with the aim of using them as optical artificial nose systems. Three types of organic and inorganic dyes, namely zinc-porphyrin, manganese-porphyrin, and zinc-phthalocyanine, were used as gas sensing materials to fabricate a thin-film coating on glass substrates. The performance of the gas sensor was enhanced by a thermal treatment process. The optical absorption spectra and morphological structure of the sensing films were confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and atomic force microscope, respectively. The optical gas sensors were tested with various volatile compounds, such as acetic acid, acetone, ammonia, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and formaldehyde, which are commonly found to be released during the growth of bacteria. These sensors were used to detect and discriminate between the bacterial odors of three pathogenic species (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) grown in Luria-Bertani medium. Based on a pattern recognition (PARC) technique, we showed that the proposed hybrid optical gas sensors can discriminate among the three pathogenic bacterial odors and that the volatile organic compound (VOC) odor pattern of each bacterium was dependent on the phase of bacterial growth.

Highlights

In the medical care sector, many researchers are striving to exploit the chemistry of bacteria for early detection and surveillance of infectious diseases
The sensitivity and stability of hybrid optical gas sensors were enhanced by a thermal treatment
The sensitivity and stability of hybrid optical gas sensors were enhanced by a thermal treatment process

Summary

Introduction

In the medical care sector, many researchers are striving to exploit the chemistry of bacteria for early detection and surveillance of infectious diseases. Most infections in patients are caused by one of several types of pathogenic bacteria that can be found in the environment: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and so on. Many serious infections, such as pneumonia [1], meningitis [2], osteomyelitis [3], toxic shock syndrome [4], bacteremia, and sepsis [5], are often caused by the gram positive bacteria, S. aureus. P. aeruginosa is often the cause of infections in hospitalized patients and has a high rate of resistance to a variety of antibiotics [6]. Many bacterial species are present in both indoor and outdoor environments and can enter the human body through a break in the skin or mucosa

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