Abstract
The settlement and deformation monitoring of subway tunnels had difficult in long‐distance and real time measurement. This study proposed an optic‐electric hybrid sensor based on infrared laser ranging technology and cable‐sensing technology. The working principle, hardware layer, design details, laboratory calibration and field validation were presented and discussed. The optic‐electric hybrid sensor implemented the real‐time intelligent analysis modulus for the whole system which could analysis the measurement errors and improve the accuracy. The laboratory calibration tests were carried out and the results shown that the hybrid sensors had measurement resolution of 1 mm with the maximum measurement range of 100 m. A remote real‐time intelligent monitoring system is established based on the hybrid sensors. The system contains an edge computing module, real‐time communication module and warning light signal with three colors. The stability of data acquisition and transmission of the intelligent control monitoring system under long‐term conditions was examined. Test results shown that the system was quite stable for the long‐term measurement. The whole system was verified in a constructing subway tunnel of Wuhan Metro Line 8, China. According to the field monitoring results, the deformations and the state of health safety of the tunnel was evaluated. The results of this study could provide useful guidance for tunnel deformation monitoring and has great practical value in civil engineering.
Highlights
In recent years, the construction of infrastructures had been further accelerated, and a large number of tunnels had been built
After each test instrument was installed, the intelligent control warning light controls each sensor in sequence according to the set procedure, transmits and stores the measurement data of each measurement point in real time, and lights up according to the rules to monitor the tunnel deformation and settlement in real time
The real-time settlements and deformations of the tunnel were calculated by the measured data with a spatial coordinate system
Summary
The construction of infrastructures had been further accelerated, and a large number of tunnels had been built. It was important that the monitoring of the tunnel during construction and operation. Many researchers have been devoted lots of efforts to develop new approaches for the tunnel deformation monitoring, such as Xie et al [12] developed a measurement method based on the establishment of a three-dimensional model of the tunnel to obtain the relative deformation information of the tunnel’s full cross section using laser ranging. Yang [17] proposed a distributed long-gauge fiber grating for real-time monitoring of tunnel settlement deformation. Based on the laser ranging technology and cable sensing technology, a real-time monitoring and early warning system for tunnel deformation was developed. The proposed system was installed in the field of tunnel deformation monitoring of Xiaohongshan station of Wuhan metro line
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