Development of Nutrition Education Module during Pregnancy and Evaluation Effectively Increase the Daily Energy Intake, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, and Body Weight of Adolescent Pregnant Women

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The nutritional status and health of pregnant women are determinants of perinatal growth and the welfare of neonates. Therefore, efforts to prevent fetal growth disorders start from the time of pregnancy, one of which is through increasing knowledge of pregnant women. AIM: This study aims to produce educational media products in the form of modules and measures their effectiveness on daily energy intake, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and weight of pregnant women. METHODS: The research method uses the stages of Research and Development. The module development stages consist of product analysis, initial product development, expert test validation (materials and media), small sample trials, and large sample trials. The large sample trial used a quasi-experimental. RESULTS: After receiving education through the module, pregnant women’s daily energy intake increased by 3629.6 kcal, MUAC increased by 2.55 cm, and body weight increased by 7.47 kg, with a significance p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy nutrition module is effective in increasing pregnant women’s daily energy intake, MUAC size, and weight. Further research was conducted using the nutrition module during pregnancy as a medium of education on the family approach to increasing pregnant women’s nutritional intake through family and community support.