Abstract
One of major goals in the development of solid oxide fuel cells and its reversible mode, solid oxide electrolyzer cells, is related to a decrease of the operating temperature, down to the intermediate range (600-800 °C) or even lower temperatures. However, this reduction causes an increase of the polarization resistance, especially for the air electrode, which results in a significant decline of the efficiency of the device. Therefore, it is essential to obtain new, thermally and chemically stable materials with the high ionic-electronic conductivity and good catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction working in the decreased temperature range. At the same time, environmental and economic aspects have to be considered in the development of the new compounds. Promising cobalt-free electrode materials can be Cu-based oxides with the perovskite and perovskite-related structures.
Highlights
In the last two decades, a growth of variable renewable energy sources in the total energy mix can be seen markedly
The greatest chance for a wide commercialization of the hydrogen-based technologies is associated with fuel cell technology, especially, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and its reversible mode, solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOEC), in which all parts are made of ceramic components [5]
In this work we discuss issues related to the development of the air electrode materials for SOFCs and SOECs, including a brief introduction of the technology, its possible importance in the energy grids, as well as a description of requirements for the successful air electrode, which have to be fulfilled
Summary
In the last two decades, a growth of variable renewable energy sources in the total energy mix can be seen markedly. The greatest chance for a wide commercialization of the hydrogen-based technologies is associated with fuel cell technology, especially, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and its reversible mode, solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOEC), in which all parts (anode, electrolyte and cathode) are made of ceramic components [5]. In this work we discuss issues related to the development of the air electrode materials for SOFCs and SOECs, including a brief introduction of the technology, its possible importance in the energy grids, as well as a description of requirements for the successful air electrode, which have to be fulfilled. A short review of the proposed Cubased electrode materials (a cathode for SOFC and an anode for SOEC) is presented
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